Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

Which of the following statements regarding HIV is correct?

1. HIV can survive on surfaces for extended periods

2. HIV cannot enter the bloodstream through intact skin

3. HIV can be transmitted through casual contact

4. HIV only affects drug users and homosexuals

The correct answer is: HIV cannot enter the bloodstream through intact skin

The statement that HIV cannot enter the bloodstream through intact skin is correct because the virus requires access to the bloodstream through a specific route, such as through mucous membranes or open wounds. Intact skin serves as a robust barrier that effectively prevents the entry of HIV. This characteristic is important in understanding how HIV transmission occurs, emphasizing the need for exposure to fluids such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, or breast milk for potential infection. Other statements presented in the question contain inaccuracies that highlight the complexities of HIV transmission and its nature. For instance, HIV does not survive on surfaces for extended periods, as it is sensitive and does not remain viable outside the human body for long. The idea that HIV can be transmitted through casual contact is misleading since the virus is not spread through airborne means, touching, or sharing everyday items. Lastly, the misconception that HIV only affects drug users and homosexuals fails to recognize that HIV can impact anyone, regardless of their background, if they engage in behaviors that expose them to the virus. Understanding these nuances is crucial in combating misinformation about HIV and promoting awareness of safe practices.