Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

What is an important step in caring for a patient with a large laceration to the neck?

1. Applying an ice pack to reduce swelling

2. Preventing air from entering the wound and applying a pressure dressing

3. Instructing the patient to cough to clear the airway

4. Administering oral fluids to the patient

The correct answer is: Preventing air from entering the wound and applying a pressure dressing

For a patient with a large laceration to the neck, preventing air from entering the wound and applying a pressure dressing is crucial for several reasons. A laceration in this area carries a significant risk of air embolism, which can occur if air enters the vascular system through the wound. This is particularly dangerous as it can lead to serious complications, including respiratory distress and cardiovascular compromise. Applying a pressure dressing helps to control bleeding by applying direct pressure to the wound, which is essential given the vascular structure in the neck. This pressure dressing also aids in sealing the wound, thus minimizing the risk of air entering the body. Moreover, managing the circulation and airway is vital in trauma cases, and securing the site helps ensure that these priorities are maintained while awaiting further medical assistance. The other options are not appropriate actions in this scenario. For example, applying an ice pack might be seen as helpful for swelling, but it does not address the immediate threats of bleeding or air entry. Instructing the patient to cough would not be beneficial; in fact, it may increase the risk of further bleeding or disruption of any clot formation. Lastly, administering oral fluids could pose a choking hazard, especially if the patient's airway is compromised or if they are unable to maintain