Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

In the event of an electrical burn, what is the most concerning potential outcome for the patient?

1. Loss of limbs

2. Cardiac arrest

3. Infection

4. Shock

The correct answer is: Cardiac arrest

In the context of an electrical burn, the most concerning potential outcome is cardiac arrest. This is due to the fact that electrical currents can disrupt the normal electrical pathways of the heart. When an electric current passes through the body, it can interfere with the heart's rhythm, potentially causing life-threatening arrhythmias or even stopping the heart entirely. The danger of cardiac arrest is particularly pronounced if the electrical injury involves high voltage, as it can affect not only the skin and underlying tissue but also the heart and other vital organs. While loss of limbs, infection, and shock are important considerations when caring for a patient with electrical burns, they are secondary to the immediate threat of cardiac arrest. Loss of limbs could occur from severe tissue damage, and infection is always a risk following any type of burn; however, in the acute setting, ensuring that the patient's heart is functioning properly takes precedence. Shock is a concern as well, especially in cases of extensive burns or fluid loss, but the immediacy of potential cardiac complications is critical. Thus, addressing the risk of cardiac arrest is paramount in managing a patient who has suffered an electrical burn.