Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) Intermediate Practice Exam

Complications associated with chest compressions include all of the following, EXCEPT:

1. Rib fractures

2. Gastric distention

3. Pneumothorax

4. Bruising of the chest wall

The correct answer is: Gastric distention

Gastric distention is not typically considered a complication of chest compressions. When performing chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the primary focus is on the heart and circulation. While it is possible for air to be inadvertently forced into the stomach during rescue breaths, this is more related to the technique of ventilation rather than chest compressions themselves. In contrast, rib fractures, pneumothorax, and bruising of the chest wall are recognized complications that can occur as a result of performing high-quality chest compressions. The force and nature of the compressions needed to effectively circulate blood can lead to injuries such as broken ribs, which are common especially in adults with naturally brittle bones. A pneumothorax can occur if a rib fracture punctures the pleural space, leading to air escaping into the chest cavity. Additionally, compressions can cause bruising on the surface of the chest wall as the compressive force may damage the soft tissue. Thus, while complications from chest compressions are a concern, gastric distention is less relevant in this context.